Improvement in automatic telegraph-repeaters



CHARLES H. vHASKHIS.

lmprovementrin Automatic Telegraph Repeatlervs.

No. 115,314. Paremed May'sonan,

i "*`TN l z3 Relay N1 Jv'q 4.

UNITED STATES CHARLES H. HASKINS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN AUTOMATIC TELEGRAPH-REPEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 115,314, dated May 30, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GHARLEs H. HAsKrNs, of the city of Chicago, county ci' Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and Improved Form oi Automatic Telegraph-Repeaters 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description, to wit:

The object oi" this repeater is to repeat what is received at any office upon one telegraphcircuit on to a second circuit, simultaneously with its receipt, signal for signal, and to enable an operator at any oftice on the second or receiving circuit to interrupt or break the sending operator on the first or sending circuit, and send or write to him, the operators on the separate circuits Writing to each other through the repeater with as much ease and freedom as if both circuits were but one. Reference being had to the accompanying drawing,it will be seen that the circuit of No. 1, main line, after passing through the spools or helices of relay No. l, crosses to relay No. 2, attaching to the top of the armaturelever D2, thence crossing at I2 on the bowspring to the top of standard E2, the circuit returns to battery and ground, or elsewhere, as may be desired. Main circuit No. 2, in like manner, after passingthrough itsown relay (No. 2) crosses to the armature-lever E of relay No. 1, across bow-spring I, (when closed,) to standard E, and thence outward to battery and ground, or where desired. rIhe repeating then is done by the relays themselves. Each time that the main circuit of No. 1 is closed the current on that line, passing through the coils or helices of relay No. 1, magnetizes its core and attracts armature C, thus closing armature-lever D against bow-spring I and closing the circuit of main line No. 2, which, in its turn, closes each instrument or main circuit No. 2, thus repeating the dot or character made on circuit No. 1. But when No. 1 circuit is opened again the core of relay No. 1 becornes demagnetized. The armature C and lever D being drawn back by spring J, No. 2 main circuit is 'broken at I. Relay No. 2 is now demagnetized, and its lever, falling back, would break main circuit No. 1 at I2. Then, both lines being broken, one at I and the other at I2, neither line could be used. It is, therefore, necessary to hold the receiving relay closed while the other is writing, that the of circuits: The helices of each relay-magnet are wound with two sizes oi'l wire, separated from each other by a thin partition. The larger portion of each leg of the core is wound with fine insulated wire, and these constitute the ordinary relay. Back or' these helices, next the yoke or strap connecting' the two legs oi' the core, I wind on each leg a helix of coarse wire suitable for local circuits.

To more fully illustrate the running oi" the circuits, I have shown in the drawing the souuders77 and local batteries of each line or circuit.

Operation.

No. 1 line is shown repeating on -to No. 2. The circuit of No. l line being open, the armature of relay No. 1, C, and its lever D, are drawn back by spring J and main line No. 2 is open at I. Relay No. 2, however, is held closed by the local current from the local battery No. 1, which, being broken at G on relay No. 1, passes from the positive pole P m of local battery No. 1 to x and, instead of passing through local sounder No.1, (as it would ii' the point G on relay No. 1 was closed,) it passes along wire N to the coarse-wire helices of relay 2, and thence to relay l, up the back-post F to the bow-spring H, thence, down armaturelever D, back to battery, thus magnetizing the core of relay 2 and holding armature-lever D2 against bow-spring I2, keeps the main circuit of 1 closed at that point. rEhe bow-springs I and H on each relay are so adjusted that before one spring is released from contact with armature-lever D, when that lever is moving, the other spring is brought in contact, so that there is a moment when the springs are -both in contact with the lever, and thus, when the armature-lever of the sending relay is vibrating, before the main circuit oi' No. 2 leaves relay No. 2, the local circuit of No. 1 is thrown through it, and thus the core ofthe receiving relay is continually magnetized and its armature held closed alternately by its own main current and the local current oi' the otherI line. Thus the sending circuit is lrept closed at l2, and the repeating at l continues.

,To Break.

.'lhe operator on line No. 2 opens his key, thus breaking the main circuit. No l being open, his local current tlowing by the route described and through back portion of relay 2, holds 2 still closed. But When operator on line No. l closes his main circuit his armature is attracted. The leverD moves up, breaking the local at H, and thus demagnetizing the core of relay No. 2, Whose amature-lever D2 is instantly drawn bach by spring J2, making contact With bow-spring H2. The current from local battery No. 2, leaving battery l) o, runs to Y, thence, on wire Z, to local helices of relay l, thence to relay 2, up back-post F2, down armature D2, and back to battery, malring` a magnet of the core or' relay No. l, attracting its armature-lever D, and closing the main circuit ot' relay No. 2, at I, thus giving the circuit l to operator on line No. 2. The only precaution necessary in connecting the main and local Wires to the repeating relays is to be sure that the currents on both the sets or' helices on the relay cores run in the saine direction, otherwise the two currents, before one is broken and after the other is closed, running in opposite directions, through the coils of either relay, will neutralize each other, destroying the attraction of the core, and allowing the spring to pull back the armature-lever, thus breaking the main circuit of opposite line on the bow-spring I2.

l do not claim the invention of automatic repeaters, as they are now in use, of various forms; neither do l claim as my invention the Winding of electro-magnets with two or more coils or helices of Wire, for this has been done in many forms, for various purposes 5 but `What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l.. The combination ot' the electro-magnetic cores with two helices oi separate circuit, the helices being Wound about opposite ends of the core, and directly around the core itself, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of an eXtra coil or helix on the relay with a mechanism for repeating by the relay armature-lever, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

Witnesses: GH. H. HASKINS.

JOHN P. ToWLEn, FRANK D. GILEs. 

